Monday, June 19, 2023

creating a planetarium show with Gimp, Reaper, Blender, Openshot and other free tools

This might be a long post, with separate sections on each tool.

The Gimp - for working with still images, and also can do "convert to polar" which results in something useful for fulldome. 180 degree pans can be stretched to 270 degrees or so without too much degradation. Here is a separate post on Gimp alpha channel gradients to fade out edges of high-res images.

Reaper - not free, but reasonably priced, and very capable DAW - Digital Audio Workstation - for multitrack editing of audio files. I've been using Reaper for a looong time - since 2010 or so.

Openshot - Just for quick and dirty creation of titles. Actually this was not required, Blender's Video Sequence Editor (VSE) can do all these and more.
Openshot - display frame number -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5HyYj1eJH_o

Blender - I used Blender almost exclusively in its Video Sequence Editor (VSE) mode, only using the general purpose mode for creating the long "movie-style" scrolling credits as per this video

Blender's VSE had most of the features from Adobe Premiere and Adobe After Effects which I needed, though the final rendering is slow. Of course, I had worked extensively with Premiere and AE only around 20 years ago! Some short notes on how to do particular tasks:

Blender 3.4: Video Editing Tutorial For Beginners. - YouTube 

Transitions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5WhlRQky90w
and a better way to do simple transitions - Click on first clip to select it, Shift click 2nd clip, Add -> transition -> gamma cross

Movie style end credits with long list of text file
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GACSUfqDl28
Very detailed movie style end credits, 75 minute video, if you want more control:
 
Some changes in Blender 3.4,

Delete default object
Delete default light
Move camera to z=5, x=0, y=0
Camera rotation to 0,0,0

Add --> Text from top menu of object mode
The Text Menu appears on top in Edit mode, for "Paste" or "Paste File"

For converting to Mesh, I used
Object --> Convert --> Mesh
with the default settings.

Materials - there is ready made Emit material
We need to make emit value 18 or so for max, not 1

Similarly, for editing the World,
World --> Surface --> Emission
can be used for a green screen background or black background etc.

For editing the keyframes to make them linear,
(Extreme left) -> Graph Editor (Shift F6)
select both keyframes, then
Key --> Interpolation mode --> Linear.

For rotation, a good slow linear rotation speed has a slope of
400 frames === 10 (degrees?) on y axis.

Unfortunately, Indic scripts and other complex scripts were not rendering properly in Blender - https://github.com/oormicreations/VSEIndic
My workaround was to create the the title in Google Docs or something, export as pdf, export as image, etc.

Blurring a face - animated masking with keyframes - https://youtu.be/NF_Q282V_uo

Free video stock footage is a thing - but very few useful clips. Youtube's CC filter and free videos and hi res images listed at
http://www.lss-planetariums.info/index.php?lang=en&menu=videos&page=free_shows
https://www.eso.org/
https://esahubble.org/
https://webb.nasa.gov/content/multimedia/images.html

Green screen chroma keying with Blender -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dI1kMT3O6uk
preferable easier way, using the VSE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_pPGR3d9WWc
uses the object view and nodes, has more control

Colour correcting a specific section in Blender VSE can be done with an adjustment layer strip - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjON3i-890o

Lots of Blender resources and interesting reading:
https://github.com/agmmnn/awesome-blender
http://www.shadedrelief.com/natural3/pages/textures.html
https://github.com/search?q=blender+fulldome&type=repositories
https://blog.exppad.com/article/importing-actual-3d-models-from-google-maps

Edit: Also, lots of detailed info about tracking and animation in this video about how to create tracked callout titles in blender, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uT6qNVAKHzU


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